Q: Give two examples for each Sociological approach on Health and Illness.

Ans:

Sociological Approach on Health and Illness:

Conflict Approach: Conflict theory focuses on the competition between groups

within society over limited resources. Conflict theory views social and economic

institutions as tools of the struggle between groups or classes, used to maintain

inequality and the dominance of the ruling class.

Example: For example, conflict theory can be used to look at wars, violence,

revolutions, and forms of injustice and discrimination by explaining that there is a

natural disparity in society that causes these problems.

Interactionist Approach: In sociology, interaction is a theoretical perspective that

understands social processes (such as conflict, cooperation, identity formation) as

emerging from human interaction. Example: Examples of interactionism can be found

all around us. For example, there is no necessary relationship between a red truck

with sirens and a fire. Yet, we were able to recognize in the example above that the

red truck we saw was heading to put out a fire.

Functionalist Approach: The functionalist perspective sees society as a complex

system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. This approach

looks at society through a macro-level orientation and broadly focuses on the social

structures that shape society as a whole.

Example: According to the functionalist perspective of sociology, each aspect of

society is interdependent and contributes to society’s stability and functioning as a

whole. For example, the government provides education for the children of the

family, which in turn pays taxes on which the state depends to keep itself running.

Labelling Approach

The labelling approach explains delinquency using the interactions between the

delinquent and those that define delinquency At the micro-level, the labelling

approach explains how the attributes “criminal” or “delinquent” are assigned to

individuals and groups.

Example:

Some examples of labels are ‘criminal,’ ‘psycho,’ ‘addict,’ and ‘delinquent. ‘

Secondary deviance gets such a strong reaction from others that the individual is

typically shunned and excluded from certain social groups. For example, the dynamic

between nerds and jocks is portrayed in popular culture all the time.